Soil and Salinity Problems

When the upper layer of the soil leaves its place by wind or water, this creates the problem of "Soil Erosion". When the soil erosion is caused by wind, it is termed as "Wind Erosion". When the soil erosion is caused by excessive flood water damaging the upper surface of land, it is termed as Water Erosion". Soil Erosion decreases the fertility of land. In the worst case, it makes the land completely barren. Lands which have a grass cover are better protected against soil erosion than lands without grass. Each year, approximately 8000 hectares of land is damaged due to soil erosion.

When mineral salts dilute in the water, this creates the problem of "Water of Salinity". Lands where the composition of soil contains chemicals like sodium sulphate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulphate etc, are more prone to salinity problems. Each year, a large part of agricultural land becomes victims to his problem.