Although gross structure is a convenient basis of classification, sometimes microscope features have to be used. For example, studies with the electron microscope have revealed that bacteria and cyanobacteria have a unique type of cell structure, for which reason they are now put together in a kingdom of their own.In this case microscopic observation of cell structure has been used to make a fundamental split in the classification of living things between prokaryotes and eukaryote.
Microscope structure can be useful at the generic and species levels too. For example, the number of chromosomes can enable entomologists to classify locusts and grasshopper, and the surface features of seeds and pollen grains are revealed by scanning electron microscope can be used in classifying flowering plants. Indeed, this sort of technique can show delicate differences between species or subspecies which are identical in many other respect.
Microscope structure can be useful at the generic and species levels too. For example, the number of chromosomes can enable entomologists to classify locusts and grasshopper, and the surface features of seeds and pollen grains are revealed by scanning electron microscope can be used in classifying flowering plants. Indeed, this sort of technique can show delicate differences between species or subspecies which are identical in many other respect.
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